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club foot,
inverted (inward turning) and plantar flexed foot.
usually diagnosed as newborn
twice as common in males than females
incidence of 1 per 1,000 births.
Around 50% of cases are bilateral.
Most commonly idiopathic.
''Associations'' include:
spina bifida
cerebral palsy
Edward's syndrome (trisomy 18)
oligohydramnios
arthrogryposis
The diagnosis is clinical (the deformity is not passively correctable) and imaging is not normally needed.
''Management''
Ponseti - manipulation and progressive casting starts soon after birth.
deformity usually corrected after 6-10 weeks.
Achilles tenotomy is required in 85% usually under local anaesthetic
Surgical intervention avoided if possible
night-time braces until aged 4 years
relapse rate is 15%