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20160425222344 Ben  
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''Acute renal colic''
''Meds'' 
Diclofenac (CVS risk) or Naproxen
also use alpha blockers to aid stone passing
''Imaging''
in ED - KUB (shows 60% stones)
else - non-contrast CT - shows 99% stones
Rx
<5mm usually pass spontaneously
larger or severe - needs lithotripsy or nephrolithotomy

''Prevention of stones''
''Calcium''
due to hypercalciuria (found in 5-19% population)
esp - high fluid intake, low animal protein and salt diet, thiazide diuretics
''Oxalate''
cholestyramine and pyridoxine reduce urinary oxalate secretion
''Uric Acid''
allopurinal and urinary alkalinization - oral bicarb