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afya NICE2010HFMx

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20160425222428 Ben  
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Trials showing improved mortality in chronic HF
ACE inhibitors (SAVE, SOLVD, CONSENSUS)
spironolactone (RALES)
beta-blockers (CIBIS)
hydralazine with nitrates (VHEFT-1)

No long-term reduction in mortality for loop diuretics eg furosemide or digoxin

key points ...
1st - ACE1 and BB
2nd - either aldosterone antagonist (esp if recent MI) or ARB (may cause angioedema) or Hydralazine with nitrate (intolerant to ACE/ARB or afro-caribbean)
persistent Sx - cardiac resynchronisation or digoxin (inotropic effect may improve Sx esp if also AF)
diuretics for fluid overload
annual influenza vaccine
one-off pneumococcal vaccine 5yrly if asplenia, splenic dysfunction or CKD)