<<forEachTiddler where 'tiddler.tags.contains(context.inTiddler.title)' sortBy tiddler.title ascending write '"*[["+tiddler.title+"]]\n"'>> <<tiddler AutoRefresh with: force>> defined as a disorder of movement and posture due to a non-progressive lesion of the motor pathways in the developing brain. It affects 2 in 1,000 live births and is the most common cause of major motor impairment ''Possible manifestations include:'' abnormal tone early infancy delayed motor milestones abnormal gait feeding difficulties ''associated non-motor problems'' learning difficulties (60%) epilepsy (30%) squints (30%) hearing impairment (20%) ''Causes'' antenatal (80%): e.g. cerebral malformation and congenital infection (rubella, toxoplasmosis, CMV) intrapartum (10%): birth asphyxia/trauma postnatal (10%): intraventricular haemorrhage, meningitis, head-trauma ''Classification'' spastic (70%): hemiplegia, diplegia or quadriplegia dyskinetic ataxic mixed ''Management'' as with any child with a chronic condition a multidisciplinary approach is needed treatments for spasticity include oral diazepam, oral and intrathecal baclofen, botulinum toxin type A, orthopaedic surgery and selective dorsal rhizotomy anticonvulsants, analgesia as required