Schizophrenia in afya

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''Schneider's first rank symptoms''

//Auditory hallucinations// 
two or more voices discussing the patient in the third person
thought echo
voices commenting on the patient's behaviour

//Thought disorder// (alienation)
thought insertion
thought withdrawal
thought broadcasting

//Passivity phenomena//
bodily sensations being controlled by external influence
actions/impulses/feelings - experiences which are imposed on the individual or influenced by others

//Delusional perceptions//
two stage process - first a normal object is perceived then a sudden intense delusional insight into that objects meaning for the patient e.g. 'The traffic light is green therefore I am the King'.

''Other features''
impaired insight
incongruity/blunting of affect (inappropriate emotion for circumstances)
decreased speech
neologisms: made-up words
catatonia
negative symptoms: incongruity/blunting of affect, anhedonia (inability to derive pleasure), alogia (poverty of speech), avolition (poor motivation)

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