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afya
Mx RA
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> NICE guidelines 2009 evidence of joint inflammation - start combination of disease-modifying drugs (DMARD) as soon as possible Initially Methotrexate, one other DMARD and short term steroids Also - analgesia, physiotherapy and surgery. ''DMARDs'' methotrexate most widely used DMARD - Monitor FBC & LFTs - risk of myelosuppression and liver cirrhosis also pneumonitis sulfasalazine leflunomide hydroxychloroquine ''TNF-inhibitors'' use if inadequate response to at least two DMARDs including methotrexate etanercept: recombinant human protein, acts as a decoy receptor for TNF-α, subcutaneous administration, can cause demyelination, risks include reactivation of tuberculosis infliximab: monoclonal antibody, binds to TNF-α and prevents it from binding with TNF receptors, intravenous administration, risks include reactivation of tuberculosis adalimumab: monoclonal antibody, subcutaneous administration ''Rituximab'' anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, results in B-cell depletion two 1g intravenous infusions are given two weeks apart infusion reactions are common ''Abatacept'' fusion protein that modulates a key signal required for activation of T lymphocytes leads to decreased T-cell proliferation and cytokine production given as an infusion not currently recommend by NICE
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RheumatoidArthritis