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HipsInKids
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<<forEachTiddler where 'tiddler.tags.contains(context.inTiddler.title)' sortBy tiddler.title ascending write '"*[["+tiddler.title+"]]\n"'>> <<tiddler AutoRefresh with: force>> ''Development dysplasia of the hip'' Often picked up on newborn examination Barlow's test, Ortolani's test are positive Unequal skin folds/leg length ''Transient synovitis (irritable hip)'' Typical age group = 2-10 years Acute hip pain associated with viral infection Commonest cause of hip pain in children ''Perthes disease'' degenerative condition affecting the hip joints of children, typically between the ages of 4-8 years. It is due to avascular necrosis of the femoral head Perthes disease is 5 times more common in boys. Around 10% of cases are bilateral //Features// - hip pain: develops progressively over a few weeks, limp, stiffness and reduced range of hip movement, x-ray: early - widening of joint space, later - decreased femoral head size/flattening //Complications// - osteoarthritis, premature fusion of the growth plates ''Slipped upper femoral epiphysis'' Typical age group = 10-15 years More common in obese children and boys Displacement of the femoral head epiphysis postero-inferiorly Bilateral slip in 20% of cases May present acutely following trauma or more commonly with chronic, persistent symptoms //Features// -knee or distal thigh pain is common, loss of internal rotation of the leg in flexion ''Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA)'' (juvenile chronic arthritis) arthritis in someone <16 years old that lasts for > three months. Pauciarticular JIA refers to cases where 4 or less joints are affected. It accounts for around 60% of cases of JIA //Features// of pauciarticular JIA - joint pain and swelling: (medium joints e.g. knees, ankles, elbows), limp, ANA may be positive in JIA - associated with anterior uveitis ''Septic arthritis'' Acute hip pain associated with systemic upset e.g. pyrexia. Inability/severe limitation of affected joint
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